5 Common Infant and Newborn Problems Every Parent in Dubai Should Know

Welcoming a newborn into your family is an exciting and sometimes overwhelming experience. As new parents in Dubai, you may find yourself worried about every sniffle, rash, or cry. The good news is that most common infant and newborn conditions are not severe and can be managed with proper knowledge and care.

At myPediaClinic in Dubai, our pediatric specialists see many new parents concerned about symptoms that are actually normal parts of infant development. Understanding what’s typical and when to seek medical attention can help you navigate these early months with greater confidence.

1. Nasal Congestion in Newborns

Nasal congestion is one of the most common concerns new parents bring to our Dubai clinic. Newborns are obligate nose breathers, meaning they primarily breathe through their noses, making any congestion particularly noticeable and concerning for parents.

Why Newborns Get Congested

Nasal congestion in infants can occur for several reasons:

• Narrow nasal passages: Newborns have tiny nasal passages that are easily blocked
• Amniotic fluid residue: Fluid from the womb may take time to clear
• Dry air: Air conditioning common in Dubai homes can dry nasal passages
• Normal mucus production: Babies produce mucus but can’t blow their noses
• Mild viral infections: Common colds affect babies too
• Irritants: Dust, perfumes, or smoke can cause congestion

Signs of Nasal Congestion

• Noisy breathing or snorting sounds
• Difficulty feeding (breaking suction frequently)
• Visible mucus in nostrils
• Sneezing
• Restlessness during sleep

Home Remedies for Congestion

• Saline drops: Sterile saline drops help loosen mucus
• Nasal aspirator: Gently suction mucus after saline drops
• Humidifier: Add moisture to dry Dubai indoor air
• Elevated position: Slight elevation during sleep can help drainage
• Steam: Running a hot shower and sitting in the steamy bathroom
• Breastfeeding: Breast milk contains antibodies that help fight infection

When to See a Doctor

Seek medical attention if your baby has:

• Fever (temperature above 38°C/100.4°F in babies under 3 months)
• Difficulty breathing or rapid breathing
• Refusing to feed
• Green or yellow nasal discharge persisting beyond 10-14 days
• Signs of dehydration
• Lethargy or unusual fussiness

2. Blocked Tear Ducts and Salivary Glands

Blocked tear ducts are extremely common in newborns, affecting up to 20% of infants. Similarly, salivary gland issues can occur but are usually temporary.

Blocked Tear Ducts (Dacryostenosis)

The tear drainage system may not be fully developed at birth, causing tears to overflow:

Symptoms:

• Excessive tearing (watery eyes)
• Crusty discharge around the eye, especially after sleeping
• Sticky eyelids
• Eyelashes matted together

Home Care:

• Clean eye area gently with warm water and clean cotton
• Gentle massage of the tear duct area (your pediatrician can demonstrate)
• Keep the area clean to prevent infection

Timeline: Most blocked tear ducts resolve on their own by 12 months of age. If symptoms persist or infection develops, medical intervention may be needed.

Salivary Gland Issues

Blocked or swollen salivary glands can occur in infants:

• Usually resolves without treatment
• Warm compresses may help
• Keep baby hydrated
• See a doctor if swelling increases, fever develops, or baby refuses to eat

Signs of Infection Requiring Medical Attention

• Redness and swelling around the eye or gland
• Yellow or green pus-like discharge
• Fever
• Baby seems unwell or in pain

3. Coughing in Infants

Hearing your baby cough can be alarming, but coughing is actually a protective reflex that helps clear the airways. Understanding different types of coughs helps parents know when to worry.

Types of Coughs in Babies

Wet/Productive Cough:

• Sounds mucus-y or rattly
• Often accompanies colds or respiratory infections
• Body is working to clear mucus from airways

Dry Cough:

• Sounds harsh without mucus
• May indicate early stages of infection
• Can be caused by dry air or irritants

Wheezing Cough:

• Accompanied by whistling sound when breathing out
• May indicate asthma or bronchiolitis
• Should be evaluated by a pediatrician

Barking Cough (Croup):

• Sounds like a seal barking
• Often worse at night
• Caused by swelling in upper airway
• May need medical treatment

Whooping Cough:

• Rapid coughing followed by “whooping” sound when breathing in
• Can be serious in young infants
• Requires immediate medical attention

When Coughing Requires Medical Attention

• Baby under 3 months with any cough
• Difficulty breathing or rapid breathing
• Blue color around lips or fingernails
• Fever above 38°C (100.4°F) in babies under 3 months
• Cough lasting more than 2 weeks
• Coughing up blood
• Refusing to eat or drink
• Signs of dehydration

4. Gastrointestinal Problems

Digestive issues are among the most common concerns for parents of newborns. The infant digestive system is still maturing, leading to various symptoms that are usually normal but can be distressing.

Colic

Colic is defined as crying for more than 3 hours a day, more than 3 days a week, for more than 3 weeks in an otherwise healthy baby:

Characteristics:

• Intense crying, often at the same time each day (frequently evening)
• Baby may clench fists, arch back, pull legs to abdomen
• Crying seems to have no identifiable cause
• Usually begins around 2-3 weeks and resolves by 3-4 months

Coping Strategies:

• Swaddling for comfort
• Gentle motion (rocking, car rides, swings)
• White noise or shushing sounds
• Skin-to-skin contact
• Feeding adjustments if breastfeeding (eliminating certain foods)
• Anti-colic bottles if formula feeding
• Take breaks to manage parental stress

Reflux (Spitting Up)

Most babies spit up to some degree:

Normal Reflux:

• Baby spits up but is otherwise happy and gaining weight
• Occurs during or shortly after feeding
• Usually improves as digestive system matures (by 12-18 months)

Concerning Reflux (GERD):

• Projectile vomiting
• Poor weight gain
• Refusing to eat
• Arching back during or after feeding
• Persistent crying related to feeding
• Blood in spit-up

Diarrhea

Newborn stool varies widely, but diarrhea involves:

• Sudden increase in frequency and looseness
• Watery consistency
• May indicate infection, food sensitivity, or medication reaction

When to seek help:

• Signs of dehydration (fewer wet diapers, dry mouth, no tears)
• Blood or mucus in stool
• Fever
• Diarrhea lasting more than a few days
• Baby seems unwell or lethargic

Constipation

True constipation is less common in breastfed babies:

Signs of constipation:

• Hard, pellet-like stools
• Straining and discomfort during bowel movements
• Blood on outside of stool from straining
• Less frequent stools than normal for your baby

Note: Breastfed babies may go several days without a bowel movement and still be normal, as long as stool is soft when it comes.

5. Skin Rashes and Conditions

Newborn skin is delicate and prone to various rashes, most of which are harmless and resolve on their own.

Diaper Rash

One of the most common skin issues in infants:

Causes:

• Prolonged contact with wet or soiled diapers
• Friction from diaper
• Sensitivity to products
• Introduction of new foods
• Yeast or bacterial infection

Prevention and Treatment:

• Change diapers frequently
• Allow diaper-free time
• Use barrier cream (zinc oxide)
• Gentle cleaning with water or fragrance-free wipes
• Ensure proper diaper fit (not too tight)

Cradle Cap (Seborrheic Dermatitis)

Crusty, scaly patches on the scalp:

• Very common in newborns
• Not painful or itchy
• Usually resolves by 6-12 months
• Gentle brushing and washing can help
• Apply oil to soften scales before gentle removal

Baby Acne

Small red or white bumps on face:

• Appears around 2-4 weeks of age
• Caused by maternal hormones
• Resolves without treatment within weeks to months
• Keep face clean with water only
• Don’t squeeze or apply acne products

Eczema

Dry, itchy, red patches of skin:

• Common in babies with family history of allergies
• Often appears on cheeks, scalp, and body creases
• Keep skin moisturized
• Avoid harsh soaps and irritants
• May require prescription creams for severe cases

Milia

Tiny white bumps on nose, cheeks, or chin:

• Caused by blocked oil glands
• Present in up to 50% of newborns
• Disappear on their own within weeks
• No treatment needed

Erythema Toxicum

Red blotches with small white or yellow bumps:

• Very common newborn rash
• Appears in first few days of life
• Harmless and resolves within 1-2 weeks
• No treatment needed

Managing Newborn Health in Dubai’s Climate

Dubai’s unique environment presents specific considerations for caring for newborns:

Air Conditioning Challenges

While air conditioning is essential in Dubai’s hot climate, it can affect newborn health:

• Dry air: AC removes humidity, which can dry out nasal passages and skin; use humidifiers to add moisture
• Temperature fluctuations: Moving between hot outdoor air and cold indoor spaces can stress baby’s temperature regulation
• Dress appropriately: Layer clothing so you can adjust for different environments
• Keep rooms moderately cool: 22-24°C is comfortable for most babies

Sun and Heat Protection

Newborns are particularly vulnerable to Dubai’s intense sun and heat:

• Keep babies out of direct sunlight, especially before 6 months
• Never leave a baby in a parked car, even briefly
• Use car sun shades and light coverings on strollers
• Ensure adequate hydration through frequent feeding
• Watch for signs of overheating: flushed skin, rapid breathing, irritability

Indoor Air Quality

Many Dubai homes and buildings may have air quality factors affecting newborns:

• Ensure AC filters are cleaned regularly
• Avoid smoking or strong fragrances near baby
• Consider air purifiers for nursery
• Open windows during cooler hours for fresh air circulation

Common Myths About Newborn Health Debunked

Many well-meaning family members and friends share advice that isn’t medically accurate. Here are facts about common newborn myths:

Myth: Babies Should Be Bundled Up at All Times

Truth: Overheating is a risk factor for SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome). Babies generally need only one more layer than adults would find comfortable. In Dubai’s warm climate, overbundling is a particular concern. Dress babies appropriately for the environment and check their temperature by feeling the chest or back—hands and feet are often cooler and aren’t reliable indicators.

Myth: You Should Wake a Sleeping Baby to Feed

Truth: In the first few weeks, you may need to wake a sleepy newborn to ensure adequate feeding (every 2-3 hours). However, once a baby has regained birth weight and is feeding well, it’s generally fine to let them sleep and feed on demand. Every baby is different; follow your pediatrician’s guidance for your specific situation.

Myth: Green Mucus Always Means Bacterial Infection Needing Antibiotics

Truth: The color of mucus doesn’t reliably indicate whether an infection is bacterial or viral. Green or yellow mucus can occur with viral infections as white blood cells fight the infection. Most colds are viral and don’t require antibiotics. Your pediatrician will assess the whole picture to determine if antibiotics are needed.

Myth: Colic Is Caused by Gas and Can Be Fixed with Specific Products

Truth: While gas can contribute to discomfort, the exact cause of colic remains unknown. Many products marketed for colic relief have limited evidence supporting their effectiveness. Colic typically resolves on its own by 3-4 months regardless of treatments used. Comfort measures and parental support are the most important interventions.

Myth: Newborns Don’t Need to See a Doctor Unless Something Is Wrong

Truth: Regular well-baby visits are essential even for healthy infants. These visits monitor growth, development, and feeding; provide vaccinations on schedule; catch potential problems early; and give parents opportunities to ask questions. Preventive care is just as important as sick visits.

Building a Healthy Routine for Your Newborn

Establishing healthy habits from the start supports your baby’s wellbeing and helps manage common infant concerns:

Feeding

• Feed on demand initially, usually every 2-3 hours
• Watch for hunger cues (rooting, sucking motions, fussiness)
• Burp during and after feedings to reduce gas
• Keep baby upright for 20-30 minutes after feeding to reduce reflux
• Track wet and dirty diapers to ensure adequate intake

Sleep

• Practice safe sleep: back to sleep, firm flat surface, no loose bedding
• Establish day/night differences with light exposure patterns
• Create consistent pre-sleep routines
• Keep sleep environment quiet and comfortable
• Expect frequent night wakings—this is developmentally normal

Hygiene

• Sponge baths until umbilical cord falls off
• Clean diaper area thoroughly with each change
• Keep skin moisturized in Dubai’s dry indoor environment
• Trim nails regularly to prevent scratching
• Clean eyes and ears gently with water and cotton

When to Contact Your Pediatrician

While most infant conditions are minor, certain symptoms warrant immediate medical attention:

Emergency Signs

• Difficulty breathing or rapid breathing
• Blue color around lips or face
• Fever above 38°C (100.4°F) in babies under 3 months
• Lethargy or difficulty waking
• Refusing all feeds
• Signs of dehydration
• Seizures
• Projectile vomiting
• Blood in stool or vomit

Non-Emergency but Should Be Evaluated

• Persistent symptoms not improving with home care
• Fever in babies 3-6 months
• Unusual rash spreading or worsening
• Concerns about feeding or weight gain
• Excessive crying beyond normal colic patterns
• Any concerns that worry you as a parent

Frequently Asked Questions About Newborn Health

How do I know if my baby’s symptoms are normal or serious?

Most common infant symptoms like mild congestion, occasional spitting up, and minor rashes are normal parts of development. Warning signs that warrant medical attention include fever in babies under 3 months, difficulty breathing, refusing feeds, lethargy, signs of dehydration, or any symptom that seems severe or is worsening. Trust your instincts as a parent—if something seems wrong, it’s always appropriate to contact your pediatrician for guidance.

When should I take my newborn to the doctor for the first time?

Most pediatricians recommend the first well-baby visit within 3-5 days after leaving the hospital, or within 48 hours for babies discharged early. This visit checks weight, feeding, jaundice, and overall health. After that, regular well-baby visits are typically scheduled at 1 month, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months. Of course, contact your doctor between scheduled visits if any concerns arise.

Is it normal for my newborn to sneeze frequently?

Yes, frequent sneezing in newborns is completely normal and usually not a sign of illness. Newborns sneeze to clear their nasal passages of amniotic fluid, mucus, and environmental particles. Their tiny noses are easily irritated by dust, dry air, and other particles. Sneezing helps keep their airways clear. However, if sneezing is accompanied by other symptoms like fever, difficulty breathing, or thick nasal discharge, consult your pediatrician.

How can I tell if my baby is dehydrated?

Signs of dehydration in infants include fewer wet diapers than usual (less than 6 per day), dark yellow urine, dry mouth and lips, no tears when crying, sunken fontanelle (soft spot on head), lethargy, and unusual sleepiness. If you notice these signs, especially in a baby with diarrhea, vomiting, or fever, seek medical attention promptly. Dehydration can become serious quickly in young infants.

Should I be concerned about my baby’s irregular breathing patterns?

Newborns often have irregular breathing patterns called periodic breathing—alternating between faster and slower breathing, with occasional brief pauses. This is normal in healthy newborns. However, seek immediate medical attention if your baby has pauses longer than 10 seconds, turns blue or pale, seems to struggle to breathe, makes grunting sounds with each breath, or has flaring nostrils or chest retractions (skin pulling in between ribs).

When will my baby outgrow these common newborn problems?

Most common newborn issues resolve within the first few months of life as your baby’s systems mature. Colic typically improves by 3-4 months. Blocked tear ducts usually resolve by 12 months. Cradle cap clears by 6-12 months. Reflux improves as the digestive system matures, usually by 12-18 months. Baby acne resolves within weeks to months. If any condition persists beyond expected timelines, discuss it with your pediatrician.

Is it normal for my newborn to hiccup frequently?

Yes, hiccups are very common in newborns and are not cause for concern. Hiccups occur when the diaphragm contracts involuntarily, often after feeding. They don’t bother babies as much as they might bother adults. Hiccups usually stop on their own within a few minutes. To reduce hiccups, try burping more frequently during feeds and keeping baby upright after eating. Frequent hiccups are normal and typically decrease as baby’s digestive system matures.

Why does my baby’s skin change color sometimes?

Newborn skin often shows color variations that are completely normal. Mottling (lacy red pattern) is common when baby is cold. Acrocyanosis (bluish hands and feet) is normal in the first few days due to immature circulation. Slight yellowing (jaundice) is common in the first week. However, if you notice blue coloring around the lips or tongue, generalized yellow color that worsens after day 3, or extremely pale skin, contact your pediatrician promptly as these may indicate conditions requiring treatment.

Can I give my newborn water?

No, newborns should not be given water. Breast milk or formula provides all the hydration babies need, even in Dubai’s hot climate. Giving water to young infants can interfere with nutrition, cause electrolyte imbalances, and fill their tiny stomachs so they feed less. Water is generally not recommended until babies start eating solid foods around 6 months of age. If you’re concerned about hydration, increase feeding frequency instead.

How many dirty diapers should my newborn have?

Diaper output varies but general guidelines help track adequate intake. In the first few days, expect at least one wet and one dirty diaper per day of life (day 2 = 2 wet). After milk comes in (around day 3-4), expect at least 6 wet diapers and 3-4 dirty diapers daily. Breastfed babies may have a dirty diaper with every feed initially, then may go several days between once their system matures. Formula-fed babies typically have bowel movements daily. Fewer wet diapers may indicate inadequate feeding.

My baby makes grunting sounds when sleeping. Is this normal?

Yes, newborns are noisy sleepers. Grunting, snorting, squeaking, and sighing during sleep are common as babies learn to coordinate breathing and clear their airways. Active or REM sleep is more prominent in newborns, causing more movement and noise. However, grunting with every breath while awake, especially with flared nostrils or chest retractions, is not normal and requires immediate medical attention as it may indicate respiratory distress.

Schedule a Newborn Check-Up in Dubai

If you have concerns about your newborn’s health, our experienced pediatric team at myPediaClinic in Dubai is here to help. We provide comprehensive newborn care and are available to address any questions or concerns about your baby’s health.

Contact myPediaClinic:

• Location: Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, UAE
• Book online: Schedule a Newborn Appointment
• Phone: +971-4-430-5926

Remember, while most newborn conditions are minor and self-resolving, never hesitate to reach out to your pediatrician with concerns. We prioritize your child’s comfort and health and are here to support you through these early months of parenthood.